The Deadly Bubonic Plague essays

The Deadly Bubonic Plague essays The bubonic plague got its name because of the symptoms of the disease. Bubonic plague causes very painful, swollen lymph nodes called buboes. These swollen lymph nodes are mostly found first in the groin area, which is "boubon" in Latin. The disease became associated with the term "plague" because of the large amount of deaths through history. In medieval times, the plague was also known as the "Black Death" because the dried blood under the skin turns black. The plague can infect pretty much anyone. If you go around someone who's infected, you can get it. If you hang around rats and fleas a lot, you might get the disease. And if you work in a lab with diseases and you ingest a sample of the bacterium, you'll probably get it. If you travel a lot to countries with infected people and you don't take the proper precautions, you might get it. There are many ways to get the bubonic plague, but with modern technology, it can be prevented. But, if by some freak accident, you do get the plague, it can be easily treated. The plague is not age, gender, or race specific. An old, black woman could get it as could a newborn white boy. When the bacterium, Yersinia pestis, enters the bloodstream, it travels to the liver, spleen, kidneys, lungs, and brain. The incubation period is usually two to six days after exposure. Some early symptoms include shivering, vomiting, headache, giddiness, intolerance to light, back and limb pain, and a white coating on the tongue. Eventually, pain occurs in places that contain lymph nodes, including the groin, armpit, and neck. Later, there is painful swelling of the lymph nodes called "boboes", hard lumps that appear in the inner thigh, neck, and armpit. Blood vessels then break, causing internal bleeding. Soon, the dried blood begins to turn black. If it goes untreated, plague mortality can be up to 75%. Once a person is infected and recovers, they become immune. The bubonic plague is caused by the bacterium...

The Woman of Willendorf

The Woman of Willendorf Free Online Research Papers The Woman of Willendorf was discovered in 1908 by the archaeologist Josef Szombathy. The sculpture is one of the greatest findings in art history and is considered a significant symbol of what we know about beauty from the past. The Woman of Willendorf was found in an Aurignacian loess deposit in a terrace about 30 meters above the Danube River (Witcombe 1). She was originally named the Venus of Willendorf because it was first suggested that the sculpture was a Venus figure or Goddess, used as a symbol of fertility. Author Marilyn Stokstad indicates this â€Å"distortion† was made â€Å"by the names early scholars gave to the hundreds of small prehistoric statues of women they found. They called them by the Roman name â€Å"Venus†. In a short time, most similar works of sculpture from the Upper Paleolithic period came to be known as Venus figures. The name was repeated so often that even scholars began to assume that these had to be fertility figures and mother goddesses, although there is no proof that this was so† (Stockstad 5). The early scholars used the name of the Roman goddess of love and beauty, hence illustrating a connection with religious beliefs. Also, persons during this time period started to consider that she represented a typical statue of womanhood and that she was the definition of â€Å"classical† beauty. However, many pieces of art that were discovered soon after the Woman of Willendorf had very similar names. Scholars started to assume that all these findings had to do with mother goddesses and fertility figures giving them the wrong impression considering no proof existed. When her name was changed from the Venus of Willendorf to the Woman of Willendorf. The last par t of her name, Willendorf, was given to her because she was discovered near the town of Willendorf in Austria. This finding was such an important breakthrough that she changed the minds of many people on how they perceive beauty today. She is the most famous early image of a woman ever discovered. There are hundreds of these amazing pieces of miniature art that exist and each and every one is extremely detailed. A majority of these statues are carved from oolitic limestone, a more common substance used during the time period instead of ivory which was much more rare, and are colored with red orche. Since she is made of limestone, it is easy to come to the conclusion that she wasn’t an idol or a God. If she were a figure worthy of worship, she would be made out of better resources showing she was more valued or more important. This figurine measure approximately 11.1 centimeters in height and are small enough to fit in one’s pocket. She is dated and introduced in 22,000 to 21,000 BCE. She was one of the first pieces of art ever discovered in the Upper Paleolithic period, also referred to as the Old Stone Age (40,000-8,000 BCE) (Stokstad 5). The Woman of Willendorf is thought to be a symbol of fertility. She has a distended stomach that sticks out extremely far and she has enlarged breasts that are emphasized more than any other part of her body. Her wedged out stomach symbolizes that she could possibly be trying to get pregnant if she is not already pregnant. Her large breasts symbolize the perfect shape and size of a woman who gave birth or is about to give birth. They represent and show that she is a good model that can produce lots of nutrients for her and her spouse’s young. Her pubic area is greatly emphasized showing the importance that she is a woman. She has a large bellybutton that is extremely noticeable, drawing attention to the stomach area where babies are developed. The red ochre pigment covering her stomach has been thought to symbolize menstrual blood seen as a life-giving agent. She also has noticeably large hips, possibly designed to represent child-bearing hips. Even today it is though t of as a good asset to have large hips for the same reasons as why it was values so much during this time period. It has been suggested that the larger a woman’s hips are correlates directly to a better chance that labor and delivery will be a success. Research Papers on The Woman of WillendorfMind TravelCanaanite Influence on the Early Israelite ReligionWhere Wild and West MeetAnalysis Of A Cosmetics AdvertisementMarketing of Lifeboy Soap A Unilever ProductHip-Hop is ArtInfluences of Socio-Economic Status of Married MalesCapital PunishmentHarry Potter and the Deathly Hallows EssayPersonal Experience with Teen Pregnancy

Paradigm Positions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Paradigm Positions - Essay Example Shawer and â€Å"Digital natives: where is the evidence?† by E. J. Helsper and R. Eynon yielded ample amount of information to me. The overall purpose of the articles, their theoretical framework and methodologies used were relatively conveyed in the first encounter itself. While the former article sought to eliminate the unempirical demarcation between the young and adult users of technology by offering scientific evidence in support, the latter looked forward to establishing the utility of communicative-based techniques in teaching and learning through analysis of data collected in a survey. However, a certain degree of ambiguity and obscurity persisted in the proper understanding of few terms and jargons used in the articles But a second reading enabled a better understanding of those explicit terms and jargons used by the authors. For instance, the meaning and significance of the terms like â€Å"digital native†, â€Å"digital immigrants† and â€Å"breadth o f experience† used by Helsper and Eynon and acronyms like â€Å"CLT† and â€Å"EFL† used by Shawer became clearer following the second reading. The second reading thus helped in closing the gaps that were created in the first reading. Both the articles deal with the interaction of learners with technology and the extent to which technology plays a role in their learning process. Helsper and Eynon’s study attempts to challenge the popularly held belief that people’ ability to engage with technology is a function of generational differences. They assert that the previous researchers had not considered the influence of social and cultural factors on learning. But Helsper and Eynontake into account these influences as part of their ontological and epistemological position. Their work seeks to defy the premise of correlation between age and technology use by establishing the fact that there are

Story of Stuff Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Story of Stuff - Essay Example Leonard maintains that people are over extracting resources leading to exhaustion of certain resources that include trees and minerals. Globally, during the past decade, 30% of the planet’s resources were consumed. This was mostly done through mining and cutting of trees. To put this point across, Leonard provides statistical data showing how much the U.S is extracting and the problems that America is causing in other regions that have managed to maintain their resources (Leonard, 2007). America has less than 4% of its original forest cover remaining while 40% of their waterways have become undrinkable. Leonard stresses that this is not due to the planet’s incapacity to provide for everyone but the fact that some are using more than their share. The U.S has 5% of the world’s population but it is using at least 30% of the planet’s resources (Leonard, 2007). This implies that it is in turn creating 30% of the total waste in the world. This shows over usage o f resources, which is to blame for the disappearance of 80% of the planet’s forest cover as the developed countries exploit resources in the developing countries after exhausting theirs. In addition, the products that are being manufactured after the over-exploitation of resources are contaminated with toxins. The production stage incorporates usage of power to mix natural resources with toxic chemicals, which leads to the production of toxic products. The modern commerce uses approximately 100,000 synthetic chemicals (Leonard, 2007). However, only few of these chemicals have been tested for health related issues while none has undergone synergetic tests. A good example is the Brominated Flame Retardants, which are known to be very toxic especially to the human brain. As people dip pillows in BFR and then sleep on them for up to eight hours per night, they cannot avoid the health

The upper and even middle class Essay Example for Free

The upper and even middle class Essay Ever since the beginning of civilization, there has been a difference in economic and social, creating two separate classes. The wealthier and educated made up the upper status of society making up what is today called upper class. The poor and uneducated made up the people which were often looked down upon by the upper class, and now make up what is considered lower class. This was true in the earliest times of the bible, through the Renaissance time period and even to today. It is nearly impossible for the lower class to become higher class, much less middle class, without being provided a full education by the higher classes. Why can these people of lower class never achieve crossing the class boundary? Most of lower class does not have an education. Therefore their opportunities for having profitable and non-dead-end jobs are nearly impossible by all standards. Because of their lower education, their job selection is limited to mostly manual labor, where pay is minimal, at best. Due to their low-paying salaries, a good college education is usually completely out of the question for their children. College is too much money and they got along fine without a college education, which is sometimes the case, but severely limits future opportunities for their children. Lower class is a vicious cycle. These people represent the people in the cave which can only see the shadows of what is happening around them. They are never allowed out to see the light of a true education, and have to remain in the dark all of their lives. The upper and even middle class, which usually has a good education, have the duty to show the lower class the light and to get these people out of the shadows for good. This can and is being done minutely to help the uneducated by providing scholarships, but for the most part no one is doing anything to help the less fortunate. Unfortunately, today has a very everyone for themselves attitude. Give a man a fish, and you feed him for a day. Teach a man to fish, and you feed him for life. We need to be concerned for their future, if no one else is, because their future depends solely on their education. We need to make it our goal as a society to educate the uneducated. If everyone is educated then there is equal opportunity and pay therefore eliminating social class. If the enlightened educated class can just come into the cave, relate with the people, and then actually show them the light, rather than telling them what to do, we can actually make a positive difference and make the lives of a lower class citizen much easier. The easiest solution to this problem is to create a utopian society, but those are bound to fail before even being attempted. A utopian society would completely obliterate the class system, because everyone would receive equal pay and equal education, or at least opportunity for education. The best suggestion that is plausible and possible is to create countless scholarships. It would be just like the armed forces; education is free but a certain amount of service is demanded in return. Even though everyone does not have money, everyone has time. All education can be provided by the state and the jobs, needed by the state, can be filled by the graduated students. This can potentially give an education to everyone and keep the jobs needed. It is a win-win situation. If someone could just show society and our leaders the light.

Seneca Falls :: essays research papers

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Title:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The road from SENECA FALLS. (cover story)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Source:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  New Republic, 08/10/98, Vol. 219 Issue 6, p26, 12p, 3bw Author(s):   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Stansell, Christine Abstract:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Reviews several books related to women’s suffrage and feminism. ‘The Selected Papers of Elizabeth Cady STANTON and Susan B. Anthony, Volume One: In the School of Anti-Slavery, 1840-1866,’ edited by Ann D. Gordon; ‘Harriet STANTON Blatch and the Winning of Woman Suffrage,’ by Ellen Carol DuBois; ‘Woman Suffrage and the Origins of Liberal Feminism in the United States, 1820-1920,’ by Suzanne M. Marilley; More. AN:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  888132 ISSN:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  0028-6583 Full Text Word Count:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  9663 Database:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Academic Search Premier Section: BOOKS & THE ARTS The feminism of the mothers, the feminism of the daughters, the feminism of the girls. THE ROAD FROM SENECA FALLS I. One hundred and fifty years ago this summer, in the little country town of SENECA FALLS in upstate New York, several dozen excited women and a few interested men held the first meeting in the world devoted solely to women’s rights. It was 1848, the â€Å"springtime of the peoples† in Europe; and, although these Americans were far removed from the emancipatory proclamations in Europe, they caught the fever and produced one of their own, the Declaration of Sentiments: â€Å"We hold these truths to be self-evident: that all men and women are created equal.† Compared to the apocalypticism of The Communist Manifesto, another product of that year, the SENECA FALLS Declaration seems modest, a relic of right-thinking republicanism rather than a portent of wrenching revolutionary transformation. Yet its effects were destined to be no less profound, and far more benign. The gathering in 1848 emerged from a long, fitfully articulated history of women’s grievances, though the participants were not aware of it. The interruption of historical memory and, in its absence, the strains of improvising a politics of grievance on the spot, have always characterized this tradition. The written record of female protest extends back to the late middle ages, to the French woman of letters Christine de Pizan and her Book of the City of Ladies. It was in the late eighteenth century, however, that the language of the rights of man gained momentum around the northern Atlantic world, shifting the idea of justice for women out of the register of utopia to make it, for a few highly politicized women in the age of revolution, a plausible goal in the here and now. Thus, in 1776, Abigail Adams admonished her patriot husband, away in Philadelphia at the Continental Congress, to â€Å"remember the ladies† in their declarations, a nudge tempered by coyness but at heart quite serious.

The Namesake Quotes

â€Å"On a sticky August evening two weeks before her due date, Ashima Ganguli stands in the of a Central Square apartment, combining Rice Krispies and Planters peanuts and chopped red onion in a bowl. She adds salt, lemon juice, thin slices of green chili pepper, whishing there were mustard oil to add to the mix. † p. 1 ? â€Å"Like a kiss or a caress in a Hindi movie, a husband’s name is something intimate and therefore unspoken, cleverly patched over. † p. 2 ? â€Å"Do yourself a favor. Before it’s too late, without thinking too much about it first, pack a pillow and a blanket and see as much of the world as you can. You will not regret it.One day it will be too late. † p. 16 ? â€Å"He was still clutching a page of â€Å"The Overcoat,† crumpled tightly in his fist, and when he raised his hand the wad of papers dropped from his fingers. † p. 18 ? â€Å"Ashima means â€Å"she who is limitless, without borders. † Ashoke, the n ame of   an emperor, means â€Å"he who transcends grief. † p. 26 ? â€Å"On more than one occasion he has come home from the university to find her morose, in bed, rereading her parents’ letters. Early mornings, when he senses that she is quietly crying, he puts an arm around her, but can think of   nothing to say, feeling that it is his fault, for marrying her, for bringing her here. p. 33 ? â€Å"For thirty-three years, she missed her life in India. Now she will miss her job at the library, the women with whom she’s worked. She will miss throwing parties†¦ She will miss the country in which she had grown to know and love her husband. Though his ashes have been scattered in the Ganges, it is here, in this house and in this town, that he will continue to dwell in her mind. † p. 279 ? â€Å"When Ashima and Ashoke see their son’s pet named typed on the label of a prescription for antibiotics, when they see it at the top of his immunizatio n record, it doesn’t look right; pet names aren’t meant to be made public in this way. p. 36 ? â€Å"The wives, homesick and bewildered, turn to Ashima for recipes and advice, and she tells them about the carp that's sold in Chinatown, that it's possible to make halwa from Cream of Wheat†¦ They drink tea with sugar and evaporated milk and eat shrimp cutlets fried in saucepans. † p. 38 ? â€Å"Only then, forced at six months to confront his destiny, does he begin to cry. † p. 40 ? â€Å"Mrs. Jones leads a life that Ashoke’s mother would consider humiliating: eating alone, driving herself to work in snow and sleet, seeing her children and grandchildren, at most, three or four times a year. † p. 48 ? For being a foreigner, Ashima is beginning to realize, is a sort of a lifelong pregnancy—a perpetual wait, a constant burden, a continuous feeling out of   sorts. † p. 49 ? â€Å"Each day Ashoke is pained by the half-eaten sand wiches people toss in the garbage cans on campus, apples abandoned after one or two bites. â€Å"Finish it, Gogol. At your age, I ate tin. † p. 55 ? â€Å"The name, Nikhil, is artfully connected to the old one. Not only is it a perfectly respectable Bengali good name, meaning â€Å"he who is entire, encompassing all,† but it also bears a satisfying resemblance to Nikolai, the first name of the Russian Gogol. p. 56 ? â€Å"He is afraid to be Nikhil, someone he does not know. Who doesn’t know him. † p. 57 ? â€Å"For their daughter, good name and pet name are one and the same: Sonali, meaning â€Å"she who is golden. † p. 62 ? â€Å"It doesn’t bother him that his name is never an option on key chains or metal pins or refrigerator magnets†¦ Though substitute teachers at school always pause, looking apologetic when they arrive at his name on the roster, forcing Gogol to call out, before even being summoned, â€Å"That’s me,† teachers in the school system know not to give it a second thought. p. 66-67 ? â€Å"Gogol is old enough to know that there is no Ganguli here. He is old enough to know that he himself will be burned, not buried, that his body will occupy no plot of earth, that no stone in this country will bear his name beyond life. † p. 69 ? â€Å"For by now, he’s come to hate questions pertaining to his name, hates having constantly to explain. He hates having to tell people that it doesn’t mean anything in â€Å"in Indian. † p. 76 ? â€Å"His parents expect him to be, if not an engineer, then a doctor, a lawyer, an economist at the very least. p. 105 ? â€Å"Her appreciation for these details flatters him; it occurs to him that he has never spoken of his experiences in India to any American friend. † p. 112 ? â€Å"†¦That they had an arranged marriage, that his mother cooks Indian food everyday, that she wears saris and a bindi. † p. 138 ? †Å"He cannot imagine his parent’s sitting at Lydia and Gerald’s table, enjoying Lydia’s cooking, appreciating Gerald’s wine selection. He cannot imagine them contributing to one of their dinner party conversations.And yet here he is, night after night, a welcome addition to the Ratliff’s universe, doing just that. † p. 141 ? â€Å"—That they will not be able to touch or kiss each other in front of his parents, that there will be no wine with lunch. † p. 145 ? â€Å".. the lunch is set out, too rich for the weather. Along with the samosas, there are breaded chicken cutlets, chickpeas with tamarind sauce, lamb biryani, chutney made with tomatoes from the garden. It is a meal he knows it has taken his mother over a day to prepare, and yet the amount of effort embarrasses him. p. 148 ? â€Å"He is overly aware that they are not used to passing things around the table, or to chewing food with their mouths completely closed. They ave rt their eyes when Maxine accidentally leans over to run her hand through her hair. † p. 149 ? â€Å"One hand, five homes. A lifetime in a fist. † p. 167 ? â€Å"Remember that you and I made this journey, that we went together to a place where there was nowhere left to go. † p. 187 ? â€Å"When she was only five years old, she was asked by her relatives if she planned to get married in a red sari or a white gown. p. 213 ? â€Å"Aren’t you going to arrange a wedding for her? † p. 213 ? â€Å"He thinks of his parents, strangers until this moment, two people who had not spoken until after they were actually wed. Suddenly sitting next to Moushumi, he realizes what it means, and he is astonished by his parents’ courage, the obedience that must have been involved in doing such a thing. † p. 222 ? â€Å"†¦Waking up every morning with a pillow pressed over her head. † p. 229 ? â€Å"He admires her, even resents her a little, for having moved to another country and made a separate life.He realizes that this is what their parents had done in America. What he, in all likelihood, will never do. † p. 233 ? â€Å"It’s the one thing about her parents’ lives she truly admires—their ability, for better or for worse, to turn their backs on their homes. † p. 254 ? â€Å"Gogol has nothing to say to these people. He doesn’t care about their dissertation topics, or their dietary restrictions, or the color of their walls. † p. 237 ? â€Å"There’s no such thing as a perfect name. I think human beings should be allowed to name themselves when they turn eighteen,† he adds. â€Å"Until then, pronouns. † p. 245 ? This assurance is important to her; along with the Sanskrit vows she’d repeated at her wedding, she’d privately vowed that she’d never grow fully dependent on her husband, as her mother has. For even after thirty-two years abroad , in England and now in America, her mother does not know how to drive, does not have a job, does not know the difference between a checking and a savings account. † p. 247 ? â€Å"The mindlessness soothers her nerves. As a child, she always had a knack for organization; she would take it upon herself to neaten closets and drawers, not only her own, but her parents’ as well. p. 256 ? â€Å"You’re going to break hearts, you know. † p. 259 ? â€Å"She wonders if she is the only woman in her family ever to have betrayed her husband, to have been unfaithful. This is what upsets her most to admit: that the affair causes her to feel strangely at peace, the complication of it calming her, structuring her day. † p. 266 ? â€Å"Suddenly terrified, he ducks his head, feeling foolish afterword. None of the other pedestrians had reacted. † p. 272 ? â€Å"True to the meaning of her name, she will be without borders, without a home of her own, a resident everywhere and nowhere. † p. 276

First Principles Of Economics Essay

Trade offs are the costs and benefits obtained by taking a particular decision. Trade off analysis provide with the best decision to implement when comparing different activities. Each activity undertaken by an individual has costs and benefits. But the amount of costs and benefits differ and it is the discretion of an individual to determine the best activity to undertake (Krugmanwells, 2008). A trade off involves foregoing one activity which has more costs and pursuing another activity with higher benefits. In real life experience, a manufacturer may decide to install a new machine with higher production efficiency. As such, a cost will be incurred to establish the new system but the benefits of installing new machines supersede the costs. Opportunity costs refer to the forgone opportunity to undertake a particular activity. Since resources are scarce, a person must sacrifice some opportunities so as to pursue other activities (Krugmanwells, 2008). For example, a farmer has many opportunities to grow different crops in his/her farm. However, only one crop can be grown at a particular season. He/she will be forced to grow a particular crop instead of another. Opportunity cost reflects the true value of producing a particular commodity since it represents the lost opportunities. Marginal analysis provides a person with the appropriate decision about how much of a commodity to produce relative to another. Margin is the amount of one commodity that must be sacrificed to produce another (Krugmanwells, 2008). In the example of a farmer, he may decide to grow different crops on a portion of land such that there are different crops in the farm. But the farmer must decide how much to grow of a particular crop variety. This will be determined by the conditions surrounding the farmer. Market equilibrium is a situation where both buyers and sellers have agreed. There is no individual buyer or seller at a better position. Both parties are satisfied by the commodities and prices at the market place. At equilibrium, there are no opportunities that remain for the individuals to make themselves better than others in the market environment. The buyers and sellers are satisfied by the market conditions since buyers feel that the commodities satisfy their needs at particular prices while the sellers feel that the price meets the value of their products. Market equilibrium exists only when there are no government interventions. A free market situation is the most effective system since the forces of supply and demand dictate the prices of commodities as well as determining the quantity demanded and supplied (krugmanwells, 2008). Source: Author From the above diagram, the equilibrium shows intersection between supply and demand. Market equilibrium shows the quantity of a commodity that the sellers are willing to supply at a given price. It also provides information about the quantity of commodities that buyers are willing to buy at a particular price. Government intervenes when market efficiency is not achieved. As the market factors interact, they improve the welfare of the people involved by creating systems which satisfy both sellers and buyers. Market inefficiencies occur when one party benefits more at the expense of the other party. The government intervenes to provide equality and restore market equilibrium. Unintended consequences are the unexpected effects of individual actions in the market. As buyers and sellers interact in the market, they may unintentionally conduct some activities which affect others. An example of unintended consequences is pollution. Reference Krugmanwells (2008). First principles of Economics. worthpublishers

Causes of Childhood Obesity Essay Example

Causes of Childhood Obesity Essay Example Causes of Childhood Obesity Essay Causes of Childhood Obesity Essay Causes of Childhood Obesity Obesity is a superfluous amount of fat in the body. Obesity happens when a person’s body receives many more calories than it can burn by itself during the day. In other words it means that people eat generous helpings of processed food; moreover, this food can consist of a lot of cholesterol, which is extremely dangerous for the human body. Childhood obesity today has grown rapidly and has become a disturbing epidemic in many countries in the past few decades. Studies show that since the early 1970s, the percentage of both children and adults who can be characterized as overweight has doubled. According to a survey by the Public Health Agency of Canada in 2007, self-reported rates among children from age 12 to 17 of obesity were 2. 9% for girls and 6. 8% for boys. It is interesting that children who have problems with weight are more likely to become overweight adults. In a study by Lauren Marcus and Amanda Baron (n. d. ) it was found that obesity begins in childhood for 30 persent obese adults. Sientists give many reasons for obesity, but the main three causes of childhood obesity are genetics, lack of activity, and children nourishment at school and at home. It is proven by scientists that genetics plays an important role of human beings. In spite of a fact that childhood obesity became a problem recently, the scientist already have evidence that childhood obesity is at least partly caused by genetics. Studies show that some ethnic groups have more prerequisites to be obese or are more defenseless to obesity-related disorders; moreover, a high body mass index could be associated with some genes (Denis Daneman and Jill Hamilton, 2010). A lot of people believe that a child has a 50 percent chance to be obese, if he or she has one overweight parent. When a child has both parents who are obese, there is an 80 percent or less chance of being obese. No doubt, genes affect how a person’s body stores fat and how it is distributes through the body. Besides, genetics plays an important role in how rationally the body burns received calories during the day and burns calories during exercises, and also how effectively the body produces energy from food. Even though a child is genetically predetermined to obesity, exercises and a diet both in families and in schools are the main causes to gain weight. Lack of activity is another cause of childhood obesity. It is proven that daily participation in school physical education contributes positive effect to physical development, and builds a strong muscle system for the future. If a child is not active during the day, his body can’t burn as many calories as it needs to burn, and as a result, from year to year a child gains more weight. Doctors Trembley and Willms in 2003 argued that â€Å"Automated labor-saving devices and inexpensive and ubiquitous access to calorie-dense food create an environment conducive to obesity. Excessive TV watching and video game use have been identified as a stimulus for excessive eating and sedentary behavior†. According to the research of Tremblay and Willmas a risk of being overweight is around 17 to 44 percent, and 10 – 61 percent of being obese is a consequence of watching TV and playing video games (ibid). It is necessary for children to have and participate in the active life; otherwise that calories received from a junk food in front of the TV couldn’t be burn properly by the body. That is why a child’s sedentary lifestyle serves as a gateway to the childhood obesity. Childhood diet at home and at school is the most important cause of childhood obesity. However, the members of the family share not only their genes, but also a diet habits that contribute a lot to childhood obesity in a family. Children of all ages spend half of their day in a school; therefore, school food is a very important part of children’s diet. It is not a big secret that the food which children eat every day at school is fast food. Furtheremore, everybody knows fast food is highly processed, and unhealthy in all its forms, so what children receieve is food made of off-the-shelf components, says Jamie Oliver (2010). A simillar situation at home, at first glance it is so convenient for parents to make purchases at supermarkets, buy a half-finished products and spent less time on cooking. Nevertheless, that food usually does not contain any nutrients; as a result the children’s body doesn’t get all useful vitamins to develop properly, so the metabolism can’t work at its full capacity or burn calories as well. It has been argued by Michael Wieting (2007) that obese children drink much more sugary drinks and eat more fries, potato chips, meat substitutes with ketchup and mayonnaise, and eat white bread. These all contribute to the higher calories, sugar, and fat intake. In the end, it is clear that childhood obesity can be caused by three main reasons such as genetics, lack of activity, and nourishment at school and at home. Genetics could influence how the body copes with calories, but if a child’s parents don’t take care over their progeny’s diet oth at school and at home, and also don’t organize child’s activity, he or she might gain weight easily in a very little time. Not only parents have to take care about their children, also everybody should remember that childhood obesity is becoming a dangerous epidemic in many countries, and everybody’s task is to prevent obesity, because children are our future. Bibliography Daneman, D. , Hamilton, J. (2010). Causes and consequences of childhood obesity. Retrieved from aboutkidshealth. a/En/News/Columns/PaediatriciansCorner/Pages/Causes-and-consequences-of-childhood-obesity. aspx Michael, W. (2008). Cause and Effect in Childhood Obesity: Solutions for a National Epidemic. The Journal of the American Osteopathic Association, 108(10)), 545-552. Retrieved from jaoa. org/content/108/10/545. full Marcus, L. , Baron, A. (n. d. ). Childhood Obesity: The Effects on Physical and Mental Health. Retrieved from aboutourkids. org/articles/childhood_obesity_effects_physical_mental_health Oliver, J. (2010). Jamie Olivers TED Prize wish: Teach every child about food [Video File]. Retrieved from ted. com/talks/jamie_oliver. html Pulic Health Agency of Canada. (2009). Obesity in Canada – Snapshot. Retrieved from phac-aspc. gc. ca/publicat/2009/oc/pdf/oc-eng. pdf Tremblay, M. S. , Willmas, J. D. (2003). Is the Canadian childhood obesity epidemic related to physical inactivity? (Vol. 27, pp. 1100-1105). Retrieved from http://chaausa. nonprofitoffice. com/vertical/Sites/%7B0635C236-197E-47C6-8FBB-A80A08D4715B%7D/uploads/%7BB25D71A3-6FC3-4315-A19C-B8B476011EB2%7D. PDF

The Mountaintop by Katori Hall

The Mountaintop by Katori Hall Great theater can emerge from a simple yet evocative question: What if? Katori Hall, winner of the Blackburn Prize for outstanding women playwrights, asks the question: What did Martin Luther King Jr. do the night before he died? Who did he talk to? What did he say? Her play attempts to answer these questions, albeit in an imaginative rather than realistic way. The Mountaintop took home Englands Olivier Award for best play. In fall 2011, the plays poignant message resonated on Broadway, starring featuring Samuel L. Jackson and Angela Bassett. About the Playwright Born in 1981, Katori Hall is a young, vibrant new voice in modern theater. Much of her work derives from her experiences in her hometown of Memphis, Tennessee. According to her official website, her major works include: Hoodoo Love (Cherry Lane Theatre)Remembrance (Womens Project)Saturday Night/Sunday MorningWHADDABLOODCLOT!!!The Hope WellOur Lady of KibehoPussy Valley Her most recent work (as of 2012) is Hurt Village; set in a housing project in Memphis it depicts a returning Iraq veterans struggle to find a position in his disintegrating community, along with a place in his daughters wounded heart. (The Signature Theatre). However, Halls most renowned work to date is the historical/spiritual drama, The Mountaintop. The Plot The Mountaintop is a two-person drama about the last day of the Reverend Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. The entire play is set in the Lorraine hotel room, the evening before his assassination. King is alone, trying to create yet another powerful speech. When he orders a cup of coffee from room service, a mysterious woman arrives, bringing much more than a late-night beverage. What follows is a reflective, often funny, often touching conversation in which Dr. King examines his achievements, his failures, and his unfinished dreams. Other Plays About Martin Luther King, Jr This is not the first time that a speculative drama has explored Dr. Kings amazing legacy. The Meeting, by Jeff Stetson, explores the contrasting methods and the common dreams of two dignified civil rights leaders (Malcolm X and Dr. King) who sacrificed their lives fighting for justice. Theme Analysis of The Mountaintop: SPOILER ALERT: Its not easy to analyze the messages of this play without revealing surprise elements of The Mountaintop. So, reader beware, I am about to ruin the big surprise in the play. The mysterious woman who seems to be a hotel maid is named Camae (short for Carrie May which might be code for carry me). At first, she seems to be a perfectly normal (beautiful, outspoken) maid, who is in favor of social change, but not necessarily in favor of all of Dr. Kings methods. As a storytelling device, Camae allows the audience to witness a more personal and irreverent side of Dr. King, one that the cameras and public appearances rarely captured. Camae is also willing to debate with the reverend on social matters, strongly and eloquently expressing her own views on racism, poverty, and the slowly progressing civil rights movement. It soon becomes clear, however, that Camae is not what she appears. She is not a maid. She is an angel, a recently created angel, in fact. Her first assignment is to inform Martin Luther King, Jr. that he is going to die very soon. Here the play shifts its focus. What begins as a behind-the-scenes look at one of Americas greatest leaders (in all his frustration and frailty), ultimately becomes a struggle to accept ones mortality and prepare for a journey into what Hamlet calls the undiscovered country. As one might expect, King isnt happy to find out that he is going to die. In some ways, his dialogue is reminiscent to Everyman, the morality play from 15th century Europe. The key difference, however, is that Everyman represents an average person who has failed to live a saintly life. Dr. King doesnt profess to be a saint (in fact, both the angel and King mention his extra-marital affairs), but he does rightly argue that he has been fighting a just cause and that he is the best person to continue the struggle for equality. During the last half of the play, King experiences the different stages of coping with death: denial, anger, bargaining, depression, acceptance. Arguably the best part of these stages is the bargaining portion when Dr. King actually gets to talk to God over the telephone. If The Mountaintop sounds morbid, theres actually a lot of humor and whimsy throughout this play. Camae is a feisty and foul-mouthed angel, and she is proud to announce that her wings are her breasts and that God is a woman. The play concludes with not only acceptance but joy and celebration for what has been accomplished, as well as a firm reminder of the dreams that have yet to come to fruition.

Classic Airline's Marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Classic Airline's Marketing - Essay Example Those who maintain the rewards program are largely dissatisfied with the program concept and redemption opportunities (68 percent of those surveyed), which contributes to diminishing brand loyalty and word-of-mouth advertising potential. Further, the operating expenses associated with carrying out the services are very high compared to revenues. The highest is fuel, unfortunately the management team has already developed a hedging program and these cannot be reduced. Operations-based expenditures for Classic Airlines require reduction which may mean streamlining operations to adopt either a lean philosophy or change methodology of key operational characteristics at the firm. Based on the knowledge that the CEO does not appreciate or value strategic alliances and thus the marketing division will get no support with this option as a means of improving resources, the business must work with its fundamental strengths to improve operational systems for cost reduction. Having identified th e problems, they must be framed effectively. The brand operates in an oligopoly where there are few competitors who dominate the market due to the high costs of entry into the market by competitors. In this market, competitive branding and promotion are some of the most fundamental methods to achieve competitive edge. However, in the conversations between management players, there is a generic recognition that the business has been unable to come up with satisfactory competitive strategies that differentiate the business from other airlines. The business requires differentiation through promotion and also a redevelopment of the current positioning strategy. 2. Solutions In terms of operating costs, the business should look at other models of operations by successful domestic and international airline companies to determine how best to reduce costs in key operational areas. According to the income statement, aircraft rent and aircraft maintenance have some of the highest costs, other than fuel, that contribute to the lower profit margin. This must be adjusted, which involves less reliance on marketing and more on technical and systems-based expertise to develop a new operational system. According to Aruan (2005), making the strategic decision to utilize only one particular type of aircraft gives the airline competitive advantage. In the oligopoly, switching costs for the aircraft manufacturer are significantly low as the manufacturer is able to provide its expert and unique services as they operate in markets with much less competition. Therefore, there are not opportunities for Classic Airlines to negotiate or bargain in the supply chain since the manufacturer is in a dominant position. By changing the procurement model, Classic Airlines can gain much more opportunities to bargain pricing and also take away the supplier advantage by providing more effective training to maintenance crews. Air Asia, a low cost, no frills airline, adopted this same procurement st rategy and experienced considerable cost savings and buying power in the supply chain. Rather than being forced to rely on manufacturer expertise in maintenance, Air Asia was able to train its own staff to perform these functions. Having framed the problem, it is now time to decide on strategic action and plan for ensuring this is successful. Further, as it relates to the diminishing brand loyalty, Classic Airlines needs to change its positioning on the competitive market from quality to

Stakeholder Analysis Outline Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Stakeholder Analysis - Outline Example The promoter will be in charge of music, security and behind the scene work. Concert promoter will use the platform to market the and promote the music. The promoter will ensure the audience is entertained with the best musical performance. The organizing committee and the promoter will communicate through email.The audience will be assessed to discover the type of music that they like.The promoter will be informed of the type of music to play and the benefits.The promoter may utilize such an opportunity to sell music copies to the audience present.Concert investorAn investor utilizes the concert opportunity to make moneyThey may purchase the ticket and sell them to the audience at a slightly higher amount of moneyMacmillan cancer support is one of the investors that will utilize the event to receive donations from the audience and proceeds of the concert.The organizing committee will send an email to a number of investors and keep in touch with them by providing the necessary feedba cks for the event.An investor can work closely with the promoter to raise enough money for the event and share the profits accrued. The council Gives permission for hosting an event The council has to be informed of any event being organized in their area of authority.The organizers will inform the council through a letterThe event organizers may be forced to pay some money in cases where the council’s building is used to stage the event.